×

注意!页面内容来自https://wenku.baidu.com/view/347c04dc1d5f312b3169a45177232f60ddcce73a.html,本站不储存任何内容,为了更好的阅读体验进行在线解析,若有广告出现,请及时反馈。若您觉得侵犯了您的利益,请通知我们进行删除,然后访问 原网页

<> html { color: #000; background: #fff; } body, div, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, code, form, fieldset, legend, input, textarea, p, blockquote, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; } table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } fieldset, img { border: 0; } address, caption, cite, code, dfn, em, strong, th, var, b { font-: normal; font-weight: normal; } ol, ul { list-: none; } caption, th { text-align: left; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { font-size:100%; font-weight:normal; } pre { white-space: pre; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; } abbr, acronym { border:0; font-variant:normal; } /* * 1. Addresses CSS quotes not supported in IE6/7 * 2. Addresses quote property not supported in S4 */ /* 1 */ q { quotes: none; } /* 2 */ q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* * Prevents sub and sup affecting line-height in all browsers * gist.github.com/413930 */ sub, sup { font-size: 75%; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; } sup { top: -0.5em; } sub { bottom: -0.25em; } /* * links */ /* * Addresses outline displayed oddly in Chrome */ a:focus { outline: thin dotted; } /* * Improves readability when focused and also mouse hovered in all browsers * people.opera.com/patrickl/experiments/keyboard/test */ a:hover, a:active { outline: 0; } /* * form */ /* * 1. Corrects color not being inherited in IE6/7/8/9 * 2. Corrects text not wrapping in FF3 */ legend { border: 0; /* 1 */ white-space: normal; /* 2 */ color:#000; } button, input, select, textarea { font-family:inherit; font-size:inherit; font-weight:inherit; vertical-align: baseline; *vertical-align: middle; } /* * Addresses FF3/4 setting line-height on 'input' using !important in the UA sheet */ button, input { line-height: normal; /* 1 */ } /* * 1. Improves usability and consistency of cursor between image-type 'input' and others * 2. Corrects inability to clickable 'input' types in iOS * 3. Removes inner spacing in IE7 without affecting normal text inputs * Known issue: inner spacing remains in IE6 */ button, input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"] { cursor: pointer; /* 1 */ -webkit-appearance: button; /* 2 */ *overflow: visible; /* 3 */ } /* * 1. Addresses box sizing set to content-box in IE8/9 * 2. Removes excess padding in IE8/9 * 3. Removes excess padding in IE7 Known issue: excess padding remains in IE6 */ input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */ padding: 0; /* 2 */ *height: 13px; /* 3 */ *width: 13px; /* 3 */ } /* * Removes inner padding and border in FF3+ * www.sitepen.com/blog/2008/05/14/the-devils-in-the-details-fixing-dojos-toolbar-buttons/ */ button::-moz-focus-inner, input::-moz-focus-inner { border: 0; padding: 0; } /* * FF3的一些版本hidden没有隐藏 */ input[type="hidden"] { display: none!important; } /* * 1. Removes default vertical scrollbar in IE6/7/8/9 * 2. Improves readability and alignment in all browsers * 3. 不让textarea可以resize */ textarea { overflow: auto; /* 1 */ vertical-align: top; /* 2 */ resize: none; /* 3 */ } /* * font */ /* * 1.333为默认行高16px(16/12),去除sans-serif防止ie8\9下字体变形 */ body { min-width: 1280px; height:100%; font: 12px/1.333 "\5FAE\8F6F\96C5\9ED1""Hiragino Sans GB"arial,helvetica,clean; } select, input, button, textarea { font:100% arial,helvetica,clean; } table { font-size: inherit; font: 100%; } /* * Corrects font family set oddly in IE6S4/5Chrome * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Davidgothberg/Test59 */ pre, code, kbd, samp { font-family: monospaceserif; _font-family: 'courier new'monospace; font-size: 100%; line-height: 100%; } small { font-size: 75%; } .clearfix::after { content: ""; display: block; height: 0; visibility: hidden; clear: both; }

 

 

两角和三角公式推导

 

两角和公式是三角函数推导中的重要工具,掌握其证明方法能帮助理解三

角函数的深层联系。下面通过三种不同方法详细推导两角和的正弦、余弦公式,

最后拓展到正切公式的应用。

 

方法一:几何构造推导法

 

想象在单位圆中,角度α和β分别从

x

轴正方向逆时针旋转得到射线

OA

OB

。构造点

A(cos

α

,sin

α

B(cosβ,sinβ) 

,将

OB

绕原点顺时针旋转α角度

得到新点

C(cos(

β

-

α

),sin(

β

-

α

)) 

 

观察三角形

OAC

OBD

D

点为

(1,0)

,利用三角形全等关系可得:

 

cos(α+β) = cosαcosβ 

-

 sinαsinβ

 

sin(α+β) = sinαcosβ + cosαsinβ

 

关键证明步骤:

 

1. 

建立旋转前后的坐标对应关系

 

2. 

通过几何对称性建立等式

 

3. 

解方程得到最终表达式

 

该方法优势在于直观展示角度叠加的几何意义,但需要较强的空间想象能

力。

 

方法二:向量点积推导法

 

设向量

u

x

轴夹角为α,向量

v

夹角为β。根据向量点积公式:

 

u·v = |u | |v |cosθ

 

取单位向量时:

 

cos(β

-

α) = cosαcosβ + sinαsinβ

 

调整角度符号即得

cos(

α

+

β

)

表达式

 

向量叉积的模长对应正弦关系:

 

|u×v | = |u | |v |sinθ

 

展开计算得

sin(

α

+

β

)

关系式

 

这种推导方式体现向量运算的简洁性,但需要学习者具备向量基础知识。

 

方法三:欧拉公式推导法

 

利用复数指数形式: