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depth 是英语常用名词，音标为英 [depθ]/美 [depθ]，复数形式为 depths。其核心含义指物体从表面到底部的垂直距离，涵盖物理空间深度（如河流、容器）、情感深厚程度（如悲伤）、知识渊博性（如专业造诣）以及声音、颜色、危机等抽象概念的强度特征 [1-4]。固定短语"in depth"表示深入探究，"out of one's depth"描述能力或环境的超限状态 [1-2] [4]。
该词作为专业术语应用于光学（景深）、地质学（地层深度）、计算机图形学（色深）等领域 [1] [4]。在技术场景中，如Python编程表示递归深度，系统架构中描述颜色浓度，航空领域指代纵深距离。其复数形式depths可表示深渊或抽象概念的最强烈部分 [5]。
- 外文名
- depth
- 词 性
- 名词
- 英式音标
- [depθ]
- 美式音标
- [depθ]
基本含义
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词汇释义
depth 是英语常用名词，音标为英 [depθ]/美 [depθ]，复数形式为 depths [1-4]。其释义框架主要包括：1. 深度与位置 (a deep place; the middle or worst part of something)；2. 物理测量 (perpendicular or front-to-back measurement)；3. 抽象特质 (quality of being deepintenseprofoundor complete) [12]。
具体释义包括：深度，纵深；深刻，深奥 [7] [9]；深厚，深切 [10]；浓度，强度；严重性，严峻性；渊博，老练 [7] [9]；低沉（指声音） [1] [16]；景深 [1] [4]；最深处，极限 [1] [5]。
用法示例
固定短语“in depth”表示深入探究 [1-2] [4]。“out of one's depth”释义为：1. 在水深没顶的地方；2. 处于力所不及的境地，超出了某人的知识或能力范围 [14-15]。例句：“Police are investigating whether he fell... and got out of his depth.”“Inexperienced nurses are often out of their depth...” [14]
物理深度例句：“What's the depth of the water here?” [7] [9]“The depth of the shaft is 520 yards.” “The smaller lake ranges from five to fourteen feet in depth.” “Water was found at a depth of 30 metres.” “The submarine was submerged at a depth of over 45 meters...” [16]
抽象深度（知识、情感）例句：“His ideas lack depth.” “Her writings have extraordinary depth and solidity.” [7] [9]“I am well aware of the depth of feeling that exists in Ontario.” “He may seem fairly frivolous but I suspect he has hidden depths.”“I was amazed at the depth of his knowledge...” [16]
颜色与声音深度例句：“You can add edge enhancement or smoothness to a Jpegor vary the colour depth.” “He is only 10 years oldbut the depth of his voice makes him sound like an adult.” [16]
发展历程
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“depth”一词的词源可追溯至约14世纪晚期，最初意为“深处、深水、海洋”或“从顶部到底部的距离”。其构词法是在中古英语中模仿 long/length 和 broad/breadth 的结构，由形容词 deep 加名词化后缀 -th 构成。它取代了更早的古英语词 deopnes，其词根源于原始日耳曼语 *deupitho-。在语义上，“depth”的含义经历了持续的扩展：约1400年起开始指“任何物体中离边界或外部极限最远的部分”；到1520年代，发展出表示“向下或向内延伸到相当深度或距离的特性”的抽象含义；自1580年代起，开始用于比喻思想、观念等的“深刻性” [11]。
应用
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“depth”作为英语单词，在不同领域和语境中有广泛的应用 [1] [4] [7]。
在技术领域，深度图（Depth Map）用于计算机图形学和图像处理，例如在图像编码中提高效率 [6]，以及在AI图像生成中控制画面结构和光影，如Stable Diffusion的ControlNet插件 [13]。
在专业术语中，航空领域用depth表示“弦高”（chordal depth）、“副翼宽度”（aileron depth）等；军事领域表示“战役纵深”（depth of operation） [7] [9]；光学领域表示“景深”（depth of field） [1] [4]。
在日常与专业表达中，depth描述物理尺寸（如水深）、情感状态（如绝望的深渊）、知识程度、声音低度或颜色浓度 [8] [10] [16]。
固定短语“out of one's depth”既指水域深度超过身高，也比喻处境或任务超出个人能力范围 [14-15]。
词典双解
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柯林斯英汉双解大词典
depth /dɛpθ/ CET4 TEM4
1.N-VAR The depth of something such as a river or hole is the distance downward from its top surfaceor between its upper and lower surfaces. 深度
2.N-VAR The depth of something such as a wardrobe or drawer is the distance between its front surface and its back. 厚度
3.N-VAR If an emotion is very strongly or intensely feltyou can talk about its depth. (感情的) 深厚
4.N-UNCOUNT The depth of a situation is its extent and seriousness. 强烈程度
5.N-UNCOUNT The depth of someone's knowledge is the great amount that they know. (知识的) 渊博
6.N-PLURAL The depths are places that are a long way below the surface of the sea or earth. (指远离表面) 深处 [文学性]
7.N-PLURAL If you talk about the depths of an areayou mean the parts of it which are very far from the edge. (指距地区边缘) 深处
8.N-PLURAL If you are in the depths of an unpleasant emotionyou feel that emotion very strongly. (不快情绪的) 深重
9.PHRASE If you deal with a subject in depthyou deal with it very thoroughly and consider all the aspects of it. 全面透彻地
10.→ see also in-depth
11.PHRASE If you say that someone is out of their depthyou mean that they are in a situation that is much too difficult for them to be able to cope with it. 力所不及
12.PHRASE If you are out of your depthyou are in water that is deeper than you are tallwith the result that you cannot stand up with your head above water. 在没顶的水中 [1]
短语搭配
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in depth 深入地；全面地
in the depth of 在……里面
buried depth 埋深；埋藏深度
penetration depth 穿透深度；有效肤深
burial depth 埋深，埋藏深度
depth analysis 深层分析
depth of water 水深
depth of cut 切截深度；切刀屑厚度
critical depth 临界深度
depth profile 沿深度掺杂分布图；深度剖面
layer depth 混合层深度
hole depth 钻眼深度；井深
depth perception [心]深度知觉
depth interview 对顾客需要的深入查询
excavation depth 挖掘深度
