1955–present
Bill Gates News: Entrepreneur Reflects on His Childhood In New Memoir
Bill Gates is sharing exclusive insight into his childhood in his new memoir that hit shelves on February 4. The first of a three-volume autobiographySource Code: My Beginnings details the Microsoft founder and philanthropist’s early yearsincluding his upbringing and passion for computers.
In the bookGates recalls using a computer for the first time at school and writing his first computer program—a game of tic-tac-toe—at the age of 13. “I made a lot of errors trying to figure that out,” he wrote. “A game of tic-tac-toe is so simpleeven kids learn it quickly. But it felt like a triumph to get a machine to do it.”
Gates also recounts sneaking out his bedroom window at night to write code as a teenager and staying awake for 36 hours straight to study programming while attending Harvard University. The memoir ends with the 69-year-old revealing that he might be neurodivergentclaiming that he “would probably be diagnosed with autism” if he were a kid now.
“My parents had no guideposts or textbooks to help them grasp why their son became so obsessed with certain projectsmissed social cues and could be rude and inappropriate without seeming to notice his effect on others,” he shared elsewhere in the book. Gates credits his parents for helping him with his social skills by sending him to therapy and private school and getting him involved in sports.
Who Is Bill Gates?
Entrepreneur Bill Gates is the cofounder of Microsoft and a noted philanthropist. He started his business with Paul Allen in 1975. Through technological innovationkeen business strategyand aggressive business tacticsGates helped build the world’s largest software company and became a billionaire in the process. The Seattle native resigned as Microsoft’s CEO in 2000the same year he cofounded the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (now the Gates Foundation). Gates and his ex-wifeMelinda French Gatesdivorced in 2021 after 27 years of marriage.
Quick Facts
FULL NAME: William Henry Gates III
BORN: October 281955
BIRTHPLACE: SeattleWashington
SPOUSE: Melinda French Gates (1994–2021)
CHILDREN: PhoebeRoryand Jennifer
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Scorpio
Early Life
William Henry Gates IIIwidely known as Bill Gateswas born on October 281955in Seattle. He was named after his fatherWilliam H. Gates IIwho was a lawyer. His motherMary Maxwell Gatesworked briefly as a teacher before devoting her time to raising the couple’s children and working on numerous nonprofit and corporate boards of directors. She was the first woman to sit on the board for First Interstate Bank of Washington and the first female chair of United Way International.
Young Bill grew up in an upper-middle-class family with his older sisterKristianneand younger sisterLibby. All three children were encouraged to be competitive and strive for excellence. Bill showed early signs of competitiveness when he coordinated family athletic games at their summer house on Puget Sound. He also relished in playing board games and excelled at Risk and Monopoly.
Bill had a close relationship with his motherwho was heavily involved in civic affairsphilanthropyand business. Mary would often take Bill along when she volunteered in schools and at community organizations. The exposure later influenced his own community efforts.
A voracious readerBill spent many hours poring over reference books such as the encyclopedia. Around the age of 11 or 12his parents began to have concerns about his behavior. He was doing well in schoolbut he seemed bored and withdrawn at times. Bill Sr. and Mary worried he might become a loner. Although they were strong believers in public educationwhen Bill turned 13his parents enrolled him at Seattle’s exclusive preparatory Lakeside School. He blossomed in nearly all his subjectsexcelling in math and sciencebut also doing very well in drama and English.
Education
While Gates was attending Lakeside Schoola Seattle computer company offered to provide computer time for the students. The Mother’s Club used proceeds from the school’s rummage sale to purchase a teletype terminal for students to use. Gates became entranced with what a computer could do and spent much of his free time working on the terminal. He wrote a tic-tac-toe program in BASIC computer language that allowed users to play against the computer.
Therehe met Paul Allenwho was two years his senior. The pair became fast friendsbonding over their common enthusiasm for computers and spending much of their free time together working on programs. Occasionallythe two disagreed and would clash over who was right or who should run the computer lab. On one occasiontheir argument escalated to the point where Allen banned Gates from the lab.
At another pointGates and Allen had their school computer privileges revoked for taking advantage of software glitches to obtain free computer time from the company that provided the computers. After their probationthey were allowed back in the computer lab when they offered to debug the program. During this timeGates developed a payroll program for the computer company the boys had hacked into and a scheduling program for the school.
In 1970at the age of 15Gates went into business with Allen. They developing “Traf-o-Data,” a computer program that monitored traffic patterns in Seattleand netted $20,000 for their efforts. The partners became eager to start their own companybut Gates’ parents wanted him to finish school and go on to collegewhere they hoped he would work to become a lawyer. Gates scored 1590 out of 1600 on the college SAT testa feat of intellectual achievement that he boasted about for several years when introducing himself to new people. Based on this scorehe is estimated to have an IQ of 160.
In 1973Gates graduated from Lakeside and enrolled at Harvard University. Originally thinking of a career in lawthe Harvard student spent more of his time in the computer lab than in class and lacked a proper study regimen. Stillhe got by on a few hours of sleepcrammed for a testand passed with a reasonable grade.
Gates remained in touch with Allenwho after two years at Washington State University had dropped out and moved to Boston to work for Honeywell. In December 1974Allen showed Gates an edition of Popular Electronics magazine featuring an article on the Altair 8800 mini-computer kitmade by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS)a small company in AlbuquerqueNew Mexico. Fascinated by the possibilities of what this computer could create in the world of personal computingthe friends contacted the companyclaiming that they were working on a BASIC software program that would run the Altair computer.
In realitythey didn’t have an Altair to work with or the code to run itbut they wanted to know if MITS was interested in someone developing such software. MITS President Ed Roberts was and asked the young men for a demonstration. Gates and Allen scrambledspending the next two months writing the BASIC software at Harvard’s computer lab. Allen traveled to Albuquerque for a test run at MITSnever having tried it out on an Altair computer. To his delightit worked perfectlyand MITS hired him for the job. Soon afterGates left Harvard without graduating to work with him.
Microsoft
In July 1975Gates and Allen formed Micro-softa blend of “micro-computer” and “software.” They dropped the hyphen within a year. The company’s first product was BASIC software that ran on the Altair computer. Despite their eventual successall was not smooth sailing at first. Microsoft’s program for the Altair netted the company a fee and royaltiesbut it wasn’t enough to meet their overhead.
Microsoft’s BASIC software was popular with computer hobbyistsbut according to Gates’ later accountonly about 10 percent of the people using it had actually paid for it. After obtaining pre-market copiessome people were reproducing and distributing them for free. This practice aligned with the leading mindset among many personal computer enthusiasts at the timewho weren’t into technology for the money. They felt the ease of reproduction and distribution allowed them to share software with friends and fellow computer enthusiasts. Gates thought differently. He saw the free distribution of software as stealingespecially when it involved software that was created to be sold.
In February 1976Gates wrote an open letter to computer hobbyistsarguing that the continued distribution and use of software without paying for it would “prevent good software from being written.” In essencepirating software would discourage developers from investing time and money into creating quality software. The letter was unpopular in the computer worldbut Gates stuck to his beliefs and later used the threat of innovation as a defense when faced with charges of unfair business practices.
MeanwhileGates’ relationship with MITS President Ed Roberts had also soured. The combative Gates clashed with Roberts on software development and the direction of the business. Roberts considered Gates spoiled and obnoxious. Their conversations often devolved into shouting matches. In 1977Roberts sold MITS to another computer companyleaving Gates and Allen on their own. The pair had to sue the new owner of MITS to retain the software rights they had developed for Altair. Microsoft had also expanded to writing software in different formats for other computer companies.
At the beginning of 1979Gates moved the company’s operations from New Mexico to BellevueWashingtonjust east of Seattle. Every employee at the young company had broad responsibilities across operationsproduct developmentbusiness developmentand marketing. This was especially true for 23-year-old Gates. With his acumen for software development and a keen business sensehe placed himself at the head of Microsoft and worked as its spokesperson. Additionallyhe personally reviewed every line of code the company shippedoften rewriting code when he thought necessary. By the end of the yearMicrosoft’s shaky start was long gone as the company grossed approximately $2.4 million and more than doubled its workforce to 28 people.
IBM Partnership
As the computer industry grew with companies like AppleInteland IBM developing hardware and componentsGates was continuously on the road touting the merits of Microsoft software applicationsoften taking his mother with him. Mary was highly respected and well-connected with her membership on several corporate boardsincluding the United Way of America. It was through her position that fellow board member John Opel heard about Microsoft. Opel was also chairman of IBM and reportedly put in a good word about the startup to IBM executives.
In November 1980IBM was looking for software that would operate their upcoming personal computer and approached Microsoft. Legend has it that at the first meeting with Gates someone at IBM mistook him for an office assistant and asked him to serve coffee. Gates did look very youngbut he quickly impressed the established tech firmconvincing them that his company could meet their needs. The only problem was that Microsoft hadn’t yet developed the basic operating system that would run IBM’s new computers.
To remedy thisGates bought an operating system that was developed to run on computers similar to IBM’s PC. He struck a deal with the software’s developer that made Microsoft the exclusive licensing agent and later the software’s full owner without telling them about the IBM deal. The company later sued Microsoft and Gates for withholding important information. Microsoft settled out of court for an undisclosed amountbut neither Gates nor Microsoft admitted to any wrongdoing.
Gates had to adapt the newly purchased software to work for the IBM PC. He delivered it for a $50,000 feethe same price he had paid for the software in its original form. IBM wanted to buy the source codewhich would have given the company the operating system’s informationbut Gates refusedinstead proposing that IBM pay a licensing fee for copies of the software sold with their computers. Doing this allowed Microsoft to license the software they called MS-DOS to any other PC manufacturershould other computer companies clone the IBM PCwhich they soon did. Microsoft also released software called Softcardwhich allowed Microsoft BASIC to operate on Apple II machines.
Following the development of MS-DOSMicrosoft’s growth exploded. Between 1980 and 1981when IBM’s personal computer was released to mass appealMicrosoft staff increased from 40 to 129and sales shot up from $8 million to $17.3 million. Another milestone arrived in June 1981 when the cofounders incorporated Microsoft. Gates became president and chairman of the boardwhile Allen was named executive vice president.
By 1983Microsoft had gone globalwith subsidiaries in the United KingdomFranceand Germany. An estimated 30 percent of the world’s computers ran on its software. Allen left Microsoft that same year after being diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphomawhich went into remission a year later with intensive treatment. Even though Allen resigned from the companyhe remained on the board of directors.
Windows
Although their rivalry is legendMicrosoft and Apple shared many of their early innovations. In 1981the Steve Jobs–led Apple invited Microsoft to help develop software for Macintosh computers. Some developers were involved in both Microsoft development and the development of Microsoft applications for Macintosh. The collaboration could be seen in some shared names between the Microsoft and Macintosh systems. It was through this knowledge sharing that Microsoft developed Windowsa system that used a mouse to drive a graphic interface with onscreen text and images like we’re used to seeing today. This differed greatly from the text-and-keyboard–driven MS-DOS system where all text formatting showed on the screen as code and not what actually would be printed.
Gates quickly recognized the threat graphic interface software might pose for MS-DOS and Microsoft overall. For the standard userwhich was most of the buying publicthe graphic imagery of the competing VisiCorp software used in a Macintosh system would be much easier to use. He soon announced the Windows software in an advertising campaign despite having no such program under development at the time.
As a marketing tacticit proved successful. Nearly 30 percent of the computer market was using the MS-DOS system and would wait for Windows software rather than change to a new system. Without people willing to change formatssoftware developers were unwilling to write programs for the VisiCorp systemand it lost momentum by early 1985. That Novembernearly two years after his announcementGates and Microsoft launched Windows. Visuallythe Windows system looked very similar to the Macintosh system that Apple had introduced nearly two years earlier.
Apple had previously given Microsoft full access to their technology while it was working on making Microsoft products compatible for Apple computers. Gates had advised Apple to license their softwarebut they ignored the advicebeing more interested in selling computers. Once againhe took full advantage of the situation and created a software format that was strikingly similar to the Macintosh. Apple threatened to sueand Microsoft retaliatedsaying it would delay shipment of its Microsoft-compatible software for Macintosh users. In the endMicrosoft prevailed in the courts. It could prove that while there were similarities in how the two software systems operatedeach individual function was distinctly different.
Microsoft Goes Public
On March 131986Gates transitioned Microsoft into a publicly traded company on the Nasdaq stock market. Its initial public offering was $21 per share. The move made the 30-year-old CEO an instant millionaire. Two weeks earlierthe company had moved its headquarters to nearby RedmondWashingtonwhere it remains today.
For all of Microsoft’s successesGates never felt totally secure. Always checking on the competition over his shoulderhe developed a white-hot drive and competitive spirit. One assistant reported coming to work early to find someone sleeping under a desk. She considered calling security or the police until she discovered it was her bossGates. His intelligence allowed him to see all sides of the software industrybe it product development or corporate strategy. When analyzing any corporate movehe developed a profile of all the possible cases and ran through themasking questions about anything that could possibly happen. He expected everyone in the company to have the same dedication.
His confrontational management became legendas he would challenge employees and their ideas to keep the creative process going. An unprepared presenter could hear Gates say“That’s the stupidest thing I’ve ever heard!” This was as much a test of the rigor of the employee as it was his passion for his company. He was constantly checking to see if the people around him were really convinced of their ideas.
Microsoft Office and Anti-Competition Lawsuits
Outside the companyGates was gaining a reputation as a ruthless competitor. Several tech companiesled by IBMbegan to develop their own operating systemcalled OS/2to replace MS-DOS. Rather than give in to the pressurehe pushed ahead with the Windows softwareimproving its operation and expanding its uses. In 1989Microsoft introduced Microsoft Office (now Microsoft 365). The bundle of office productivity applications was compatible with all Microsoft products and originally included Microsoft WordPowerPointand Excel.
The next year saw the release of Windows 3.0which sold 100,000 copies in just two weeks. Unable to competeOS/2 soon faded away. This left Microsoft with a virtual monopoly on operating systems for PCs. Soon the Federal Trade Commission began to investigate Microsoft for unfair marketing practices.
Throughout the 1990sMicrosoft faced a string of FTC and Justice Department investigations. Some related to allegations that Microsoft made unfair deals with computer manufacturers who installed the Windows operating system on their computers. Other charges involved Microsoft forcing computer manufacturers to sell Microsoft’s Internet Explorer browser as a condition for selling the Windows operating system with their computers. At one pointMicrosoft faced a possible breakup of its two divisions: operating systems and software development. Microsoft defended itselfharking back to Gates’ earlier battles with software piracy and proclaiming that such restrictions were a threat to innovation. Eventuallythe company reached a settlement with the federal government to avoid a breakup.
Through it allGates found inventive ways to deflect the pressure with lighthearted commercials and public appearances at computer trade showsduring which he posed as Star Trek’s Mr. Spock. Gates continued to run the company and weather the federal investigations through the 1990s. In 1997the software giant purchased the email service Hotmail and renamed it MSN Hotmail. (This eventually became Microsoft Outlook following a 2012 rebranding.) By the end of the decadeMicrosoft employed more than 31,000 people and netted $19.7 billion in sales in 1999 alone.
Leaving Microsoft
After 25 years at the helmGates stepped down from day-to-day operations of Microsoft in January 2000. The 44-year-old turned over the job of CEO to his college friend Steve Ballmerwho had been with Microsoft since 1980. Gates positioned himself as chief software architect so he could concentrate on what was for him the more passionate side of the businessthough he remained chairman of the board.
In 2006Gates announced he was transitioning away from full-time work at Microsoft to devote more quality time to his philanthropic foundation. His last full day at Microsoft was in June 2008 when he was 52.
Gates continued as Microsoft’s chairman for several years until February 2014 when he stepped aside to become technology adviser to incoming CEO Satya Nadella. In March 2020Gates resigned from the board of directors completely. He remains Microsoft’s technology adviser and revealed in January 2025 that he still does product reviews for the company on occasion.
TodayMicrosoft is one of the five top tech companies in the United States and has expanded its products to include phoneslaptopstabletsthe Xbox gaming systemthe search engine Bingand the AI-powered internet browser Microsoft Edge. The most recent Windows versionWindows 11came out in 2021.
Net Worth
As of February 122025Gates has an estimated net worth of $107.3 billionaccording to Forbes’ real-time calculator. The publication ranks him as the 16th wealthiest person in the world. Meanwhilethe Bloomberg Billionaires Index estimates his net worth considerably higher at $166 billion and ranks him as the 7th richest person. The former tech CEO’s fortune is highly variably given his stock holdings.
Gates became a millionaire in March 1986 when he was 30 years and 5 months old. The entrepreneur had Microsoft’s IPO to thank for his influx of wealth. When his company went publicGates sold $1.6 million worth of shares but still held 45 percent of Microsoft’s shares. His stake at that time accounted for $350 million.
Over timethe company’s stock increased in value and split numerous times. In 1987Gates became a billionaire when the stock hit $90.75 a share. At the timehe held the record for the world’s youngest billionaire at age 31.
Since thenhe has been ranked at or near the top of Forbes’ annual list of the top 400 wealthiest people in America. Gates held the distinction of the world’s richest person from 1995 to 2007. He briefly reclaimed the titled in 2009 then again from 2014 to 2017. In October 2019his Microsoft shares dropped down to 1.3 percent. Gates hasn’t publicly reported his Microsoft stock ownership since stepping down from its board in 2020.
The Gates Foundation
Throughout the 1990sand with his wife Melinda’s influenceGates took an interest in becoming a civic leader in the footsteps of his mother. Studying the philanthropic work of American industrial titans Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefellerhe realized that he had an obligation to give more of his wealth to charity.
In 2000the couple combined two family foundations and contributed close to $16 billion to form the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Its initial focuses were educationworld healthand communities in the Pacific Northwest. Bill’s fatherWilliam H. Gates Sr.was one of the first co-chairs. Melinda oversaw the foundation’s grant-making and soon became co-chair alongside her father-in-law and Bill.
Over the next few yearsBill’s involvement with the philanthropy occupied much of his time and even more of his interest. The entrepreneur had stepped down as Microsoft’s president and CEOallowing him to devote energy to the foundation’s expanding work. Todaythe nonprofit invests in low-income communities around the worldsupports global economic developmentpromotes gender equalityand continues to champion disease prevention and education.
In 2006billionaire investor Warren Buffett announced a major gift to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. He pledged 10 million shares of Berkshire Hathaway stockthen worth $31 billion. (As of June 2024Buffett had given the foundation around $43 billion.) Another wealthy partner emerged in April 2018 in Google Cofounder Larry Pagewho committed to funding universal flu vaccine research in partnership with the foundation.
After years of warning that the world was not ready for the next pandemicBill saw his ominous words come true with the outbreak of the novel coronavirus in 2020. That Marchthe Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation teamed with the Wellcome Trust and Mastercard to pledge $125 million toward efforts to curb COVID-19’s outbreak. Bill subsequently revealed that his foundation was prepared to invest billions of dollars into building factories earmarked for the development of a vaccine.
By the end of 2023the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation had funded $77.6 billion in lifetime grants. Its internal operations had come to reflect some of the organization’s priorities as in 2015 when the foundation announced that it would give its staff a year’s paid leave after the birth or adoption of a child. The founders had also been repeated recognized for their work. Bill and Melinda were named Time magazine’s 2005 Persons of the Yearalongside U2 lead singer and noted activist Bono; awarded the Order of the Aztec Eagle by the Mexican government in 2006; and received Presidential Medals of Freedom from Barack Obama in 2016. A major change in leadership was ahead however.
In June 2024Melinda left her role as longtime leader of the foundation in the wake of her divorce from Bill. The organization has since been renamed the Gates Foundationwith Bill continuing to serve as co-chair and as a member of its board.
Additional Philanthropy: Alzheimer’s Research
Gates has made philanthropic gifts outside of his foundationtoo. In November 2017he shared his plan to invest $50 million into the Dementia Discovery Fund and another $50 million toward start-up ventures working in Alzheimer’s research. It was said to be a personal matter for Gateswho has seen the devastating effects of the disease on his own family membersincluding his fatherwho died in 2020. “Any type of treatment would be a huge advance from where we are today,” he told CNN at the timeadding“the long-term goal has got to be cure.”
Ex-Wife Melinda French Gates and Children
For nearly three decadesas they raised three kidsthe entrepreneur was married to Melinda French Gates. The former couple first met in 1987 at a sales meeting in New York City. At the timeMelinda was working as a product manager at Microsoft. Nine years her seniorthe CEO asked her out in a parking lot several weeks later. She initially turned him downbut their relationship grew as they discovered an intimate and intellectual connection and eventually started dating. The pair got engaged in 1993. Their wedding on January 11994was a private yet lavish affair in Hawaii.
Following the devastating death of his mother to breast cancer just a few months after their weddingBill took some time off with his new wife in 1995 to travel and get a new perspective on life and the world. In April 1996the couple welcomed their first childJenniferand Melinda left Microsoft to raise their daughter. Their sonRorywas born was in May 1999 followed by their second daughterPhoebein September 2002. Bill and Melinda raised their children in the Catholic faith and regularly attended churcheven though the Microsoft founder grew up Protestant.
After 27 years of marriageBill and Melinda announced their separation in May 2021. “After a great deal of thought and a lot of work on our relationshipwe have made the decision to end our marriage,” they wrote in a joint statement on Twitter. “We no longer believe we can grow together as a couple in this next phase of our lives.” Their divorce was finalized that August.
Bill reflected on his divorce in an interview with the British newspaper The Sunday Times in May 2022explaining that his relationship with Melinda changed when their kids grew up and left home. “But from my point of viewit was a great marriage,” he said. “I wouldn’t have changed it.” Gates also said he felt “lucky” they still have a connection through the work at their charitable foundation. Two years laterMelinda resigned from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Girlfriend Paula Hurd
In February 2023People confirmed that Gates had started dating philanthropist Paula Hurdthe widow of former Oracle CEO Mark Hurd. Two years laterhe referred to Hurd as his “serious girlfriend” on the Today show. “We’re having fun,” he said. “Going to the Olympics and lots of great things.”
House on Lake Washington
In 1997Gates and his family moved into a 37,000-square-foot house on the shore of Lake Washington in MedinaWashington. Although the housenicknamed Xanadu 2.0served as a business centerit was said to be very cozy for the couple and their three children at the time. The house has since doubled in size and is now around 66,000 square feet. It’s estimated to be worth $130 million.
TodayGates is the sole occupant of the house. His ex-wifeMelindamoved out after their divorce in 2021. The Microsoft cofounder also owns several other properties in CaliforniaFloridaMontanaand Wyoming.
Smart City Initiative
In 2017it was revealed that one of Gates’ firms had invested $80 million into the development of a “smart city” near PhoenixArizona. The proposed citynamed Belmontwill “create a forward-thinking community with a communication and infrastructure spine that embraces cutting-edge technologydesigned around high-speed digital networksdata centersnew manufacturing technologies and distribution modelsautonomous vehicles and autonomous logistics hubs,"”according to the Belmont Partners real estate investment group.
Of the nearly 25,000 acres of land designated for the siteit was reported that 3,800 acres will go toward officecommercialand retail space. Another 470 acres will be used for public schoolsleaving room for 80,000 residential units. As of February 2025there have been no updates on the progress of the project.
Quotes
- Success is a lousy teacher. It seduces smart people into thinking they can’t lose.
- Be nice to nerds. Chances are you’ll end up working for one.
- We are all created equal in the virtual worldand we can use this equality to help address some of the sociological problems that society has yet to solve in the physical world.
- I’m a big believer that as much as possible—and there’s obviously political limitations—freedom of migration is a good thing.
- If you show people the problems and you show people the solutionsthey will be moved to act.
- Like almost everyone who uses emailI receive a ton of spam every day. Much of it offers to help me get out of debt or get rich quick. It would be funny if it weren’t so irritating.
- I believe that computers are the most incredible tool we can use to feed our curiosity and inventiveness—to help us solve problems that even the smartest people couldn’t solve on their own.
- I’ve always been an optimistand I suppose that is rooted in my belief that the power of creativity and intelligence can make the world a better place.
- It’s a nice readerbut there’s nothing on the iPad I look at and say“OhI wish Microsoft had done it.”
- The technology business has a lot of twists and turns. Probably the reason it’s such a fun business is that no business gets to rest on its laurels.
Fact Check: We strive for accuracy and fairness. If you see something that doesn’t look rightcontact us!
The Biography.com staff is a team of people-obsessed and news-hungry editors with decades of collective experience. We have worked as daily newspaper reportersmajor national magazine editorsand as editors-in-chief of regional media publications. Among our ranks are book authors and award-winning journalists. Our staff also works with freelance writersresearchersand other contributors to produce the smartcompelling profiles and articles you see on our site. To meet the teamvisit our About Us page: https://www.biography.com/about/a43602329/about-us
Catherine Caruso joined the Biography.com staff in August 2024having previously worked as a freelance journalist for several years. She is a graduate of Syracuse Universitywhere she studied English literature. When she’s not working on a new storyyou can find her readinghitting the gymor watching too much TV.
