Swedish: esker

esker was introduced to me as a word used to describe a long mound when the last Ice Age receeded from Sweden 10,000 years ago (in Nancy Cambell’s absorbing book, Fifty Words for Snow). It cropped up again in eiscir form in Old Irish (in Manchán Magan’s joyous book Thirty-Two Words for Field): a long winding ridge of gravelsandetcoriginally deposited by a meltwater stream running under a glacier.

The GPC Dictionary of the Welsh language offers the same word as spelt in Welsh: esgair/ysgair. This is very common in Welsh place names for mountain/hill ridges and farms (mainly in central/southern Walesthe most southern line of the last Ice Age sheet) eg Esgair Llyn; Esgairgeiliog. We find also that it is a name used for a limban arm or a leg or a shank in Welsh. In Old Cornish: escher; Breton: esker

It seems to have been borrowed from the Celtic languages to English. Are versions (for ridges or limbs) found in any other languages?

Annwyl compatriot,

Does this add anything to the mix?

scar - Yorkshire Historical Dictionary

and

Viking place names - Yorkshire Dialect Society

Regards / Cofion,

"Esker" exists in Norwegianbut only as a specialized term used by geologists to describe

Myrddin Sgubor Plas said:

a long winding ridge of gravelsandetcoriginally deposited by a meltwater stream running under a glacier.

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It is hardly used outside of this professional jargon. I vaguely remember it from geography lessons at schoolmany years agobut I don't think I have come across it since then.

According to the NAOB dictionarythe word comes from the Irish eiscirvia English:
Det Norske Akademis ordbok

"Skar" is another matter. This is a traditional Norwegian wordfound in many place names. The meaning is different from the Yorkshire word "scar"as described in post #2. It is not a cliff or outcropbut a gap or pass in a mountain. It is related to the verb "skjære" (to cut).

Diolch - thank you both. I have traced the word sker from Old Norse - for a rock/reef? Melville Richards explains that the Vikings brought the name to Wales – Skerries (Anglesey); Tŷ'r Sger (Morgannwg)Craig y Sger (Dinbychypysgod). We have this name Skerries near Dublinin Armaghthe Shetlands and the Orkneys and the Battles of Skerries was in Kildare in 1316. Would welcome any information on the roots of sker.

Myrddin Sgubor Plas said:

Diolch - thank you both. I have traced the word sker from Old Norse - for a rock/reef? Melville Richards explains that the Vikings brought the name to Wales – Skerries (Anglesey); Tŷ'r Sger (Morgannwg)Craig y Sger (Dinbychypysgod). We have this name Skerries near Dublinin Armaghthe Shetlands and the Orkneys and the Battles of Skerries was in Kildare in 1316. Would welcome any information on the roots of sker.

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Not sure it helps but skerries would be skjærgård in Norwegian

The English word "skerry" means the same as the Norwegian word "skjær" (Danish "skær"Swedish "skär")and has the same Old Norse roots. According to Norwegian dictionariesthis word (like "skar") is related to "skjære" (cut). This Wikipedia article has some additional explanation:
Skerry - Wikipedia

Wikipedia describes a "skerry" as "a small rocky islandor isletusually too small for human habitation. It may simply be a rocky reef." This is also a good description of a Norwegian "skjær".

winenous said:

skerries would be skjærgård in Norwegian

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I am not so sure about that - but I don't really know how "skerries" is used in English (is it just the plural of "skerry"or does it have a wider meaning?) In any casea "skjærgård/skärgård" in NorwaySweden and Finland also include largerinhabited islands. I believe it usually is translated as "archipelago".

raumar said:

I am not so sure about that - but I don't really know how "skerries" is used in English (is it just the plural of "skerry"or does it have a wider meaning?) In any casea "skjærgård/skärgård" in NorwaySweden and Finland also include largerinhabited islands. I believe it usually is translated as "archipelago".

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Fair enough. It is not a good translation. I didn't really mean to imply it wasand would have done better to comment on the similarity of skerry and skjær.