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ETFs can be actively or passively managedand the choice depends on an investor’s financial objectives. Some financial professionals use a mix of active and passive ETFs in diversified client portfolios.

Invesco QQQ is passively managed and tracks the Nasdaq-100 indexwhich offers exposure to many industry-leading companies in a single investment.

For more information on how Invesco QQQ can fit into your clients’ portfolios, click here.

ETFs are different from individual stocks in that an ETF’s liquidity is based on more than trading volume alone. A better predictor of an ETF’s liquidity may be the liquidity of the underlying holdings. For examplean ETF with relatively low trading volume that invests in highly liquid large-cap U.S. stocks will generally have high liquidity and low bid-ask spreads.

QQQ is one of the most heavily traded ETFs by volume.

For more information on liquidity and other considerations when trading ETFs, click here.

Source: Bloomberg L.P.QQQ is the 2nd most-traded ETF in the US based on average daily volume tradedas of December 312025.

An ETF’s total cost of ownership depends on more than just its expense ratio. Investors also need to consider bid-ask spreadstrading commissionsand premiums and discountsfor example.

For more information on calculating costs of ETFs, click here.

Bid/ask spread is the amount by which the ask price exceeds the bid price for an asset in the market.

Invesco QQQ ETF has typically outperformed broad equity benchmarks like the S&P 500.

For more information on Invesco QQQ’s performance, click here.

Standardized performance. Performance data quoted represents past performance. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results; current performance may be higher or lower than performance quoted. Investment returns and principal value will fluctuate and Shareswhen redeemedmay be worth more or less than their original cost. See invesco.com to find the most recent month-end performance numbers. Market returns are based on the midpoint of the bid/ask spread at 4 p.m. ET and do not represent the returns an investor would receive if shares were traded at other times. Fund performance reflects applicable fee waiversabsent whichperformance data quoted would have been lower. Returns less than one year are cumulative.

Source: Bloomberg L.P.QQQ NAV 10-year performance reflected 19.43% growth versus 14.81% by the S&P 500as of December 312025.

ETFs are popular because they typically give investors access to broad market exposure with low feestax efficiencyand transparency. ETFs can be actively or passively managed and can be bought and sold like an individual stock.

Invesco does not provide tax advice. Federal and state tax laws are complex and constantly changing. Investors should always consult their own legal or tax advisor for information concerning their individual situation.

ETF is short for “exchange-traded fund.” ETFs are baskets of securities that can be bought or sold on exchanges similar to individual stocks. ETFs can provide exposure to broad areas of the market in a singlebundled investment. They are often passively managed and typically seek to track the performance of an indexsuch as the Nasdaq-100.

Yes. Invesco QQQ is a passively managed ETF that tracks the Nasdaq-100 indexwhich contains some of the world’s most innovative companies.

For more information on the companies that make up the Nasdaq-100 Index, click here.

ETFs are similar to mutual funds in that they both can provide exposure to broad areas of the market in a single investment. Howeverwhile mutual funds are priced once a day at the market closeETFs can be bought and sold like individual stocks throughout the day.

Compared to mutual fundsETFs tend to have better tax efficiency and more transparencyas well as lower fees on average.

Investors should be aware of the material differences between mutual funds and ETFs. ETFs generally have lower expenses than actively managed mutual funds due to their different management s. Most ETFs are passively managed and are structured to track an indexwhereas many mutual funds are actively managed and thus have higher management fees. Unlike ETFsactively managed mutual funds have the ability react to market changes and the potential to outperform a stated benchmark. Since ordinary brokerage commissions apply for each ETF buy and sell transactionfrequent trading activity may increase the cost of ETFs. ETFs can be traded throughout the daywhereas mutual funds are traded only once a day. While extreme market conditions could result in illiquidity for ETFs. Typicallythey are still more liquid than most traditional mutual funds because they trade on exchanges. Investors should talk with their financial professional regarding their situation before investing.

Invesco does not provide tax advice. Federal and state tax laws are complex and constantly changing. Investors should always consult their own legal or tax advisor for information concerning their individual situation.

You can typically invest in as little as a single share of QQQ or other ETFs through online brokers. Some brokers even allow investors to purchase a fraction of an ETF share.