是英语常用名词，源于拉丁语“fallere”（欺骗、使失望），发音为英[ˈfeɪljə(r)]/美[ˈfeɪljər]，复数形式为failures [1-2]。其核心定义为未能达成预期目标或功能失常，涵盖个人失利、机械故障、企业破产等多重含义 [5]。
该词内涵包含三层维度：行为结果的未成功（如学业失败、政策失效）、责任未履行（如法律义务疏忽）、实体功能停止（如器官衰竭或设备故障） [5]。柯林斯词典细化其释义至六类，牛津词典扩展至12种应用场景，包括医学（心力衰竭）、经济（市场失灵）、法律（破产）等跨学科领域 [3-4]。固定搭配如“failure rate”（故障率）、“crop failure”（作物歉收）进一步体现其语义多样性 [6]。
约14世纪引入中古英语时，该词侧重“不足或缺损”的抽象概念。19世纪工业革命后，伴随技术发展衍生出机械故障、系统失效等具体义项，现代语义体系逐渐成型 [1-2]。
- 外文名
- failure
- 词 性
- 名词
- 释 义
- 失败；故障；失败者；破产
- 英式读音
- [ˈfeɪljə(r)]
- 美式读音
- [ˈfeɪljər]
单词释义
播报编辑
英 [ˈfeɪljə(r)] 美 [ˈfeɪljər]
n. 失败；失败的人（或企业、事物）；未做到；缺乏，不足；故障，衰退；公司倒闭；歉收；突然失去
词典双解
播报编辑
柯林斯英汉双解大词典
failure /ˈfeɪljə/ CET4 TEM4
1.N-UNCOUNT Failure is a lack of success in doing or achieving somethingespecially in relation to a particular activity. 失败
2.N-UNCOUNT Your failure to do a particular thing is the fact that you do not do iteven though you were expected to do it. 未成
3.N-COUNT If something is a failureit is not a success. 失败
4.N-COUNT If you say that someone is a failureyou mean that they have not succeeded in a particular activityor that they are unsuccessful at everything they do. 失败者
5.N-VAR If there is a failure of somethingfor examplea machine or part of the bodyit goes wrong and stops working or developing properly. 故障
6.N-VAR If there is a failure of a business or bankit is no longer able to continue operating. 倒闭 [商业] [1]
短语搭配
播报编辑
failure in …的失败
heart failure n. 心力衰竭
renal failure 肾衰竭
failure mechanism 破坏机理；失效机理
failure analysis 故障分析
success and failure 成功与失败
failure probability 失效概率
system failure 系统故障
kidney failure 肾衰竭；肾功能衰竭
双语例句
播报编辑
- The plan was doomed to failure. 这个计划注定要失败。
- I felt foolish and a failure. 我自觉是个愚蠢的失败者。
- Failure can demotivate students. 失败会挫伤学生的积极性。
- This policy is doomed to failure. 这项政策注定要失败。
- The play was a miserable failure. 这部话剧是个可悲的失败。
- The attempt was doomed to failure. 这项尝试注定失败。
- Don't be frightened by failureson. 不要被失败吓倒了，孩子。
- He ascribed his failure to bad luck. 他认为自己的失败是运气不好。
- Their plans seemed doomed to failure. 看起来，他们的计划注定要失败。
- Their long struggle ended in failure. 他们的长期努力以失败告终。
- He collapsed from acute renal failure. 他的身体因严重的肾衰竭而垮掉了。
- The whole thing was a complete failure. 整个事情彻底失败了。
- The prospect of failure scares me rigid. 失败的可能吓得我都僵了。
- A signal failure contributed to the crash. 信号灯故障导致了这次撞车事故。
- He unfairly blamed Frances for the failure. 他不公平地把失败归咎于弗朗西丝。
- A culture of failure exists in some schools. 在某些学校中存在着失败文化。
- He was undismayed by the prospect of failure. 他对可能的失败毫不畏惧。
- The breakdown was due to a mechanical failure. 抛锚是机械故障造成的。
- A power failure plunged everything into darkness. 电源故障使一切陷入黑暗。
- A failure would shatter the hopes of many people. 一次失败会粉碎很多人的希望。
- These youngsters are motivated by fear of failure. 这些年轻人因担心失败而被激发。
- Fear of failure was bred into him at an early age. 他从小就养成了对失败的恐惧。
- Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence. 连年失败使他逐渐丧失了自信。
- The cause of the crash was given as engine failure. 撞车事故的原因被认定是发动机故障。
- Don't be discouraged by the first failure—try again! 不要因第一次失败就灰心丧气—再试一次吧！
- He himself seemed totally unconscious of his failure. 他本人似乎完全没意识到自己的失败。
- Fear of failure can become a self-fulfilling prophecy. 害怕失败可能真会导致失败。
- Three attempts on the 200-metre record ended in failure. 3次向200米纪录的冲击以失败告终。
- She felt that her failure would bring shame on her family. 她觉得她的失败会使家人蒙羞。
- Failure now could fatally damage his chances in the future. 现在的失败能严重地毁掉他将来的机会。 [1]
