“力箭一号”遥一运载火箭
2022年7月27日中午，中科宇航“力箭一号”遥一运载火箭成功发射，中国固体运载火箭起飞量级跨入百吨级，可满足近地轨道2吨级发射需求。此后，又有“捷龙三号”、“引力一号”先后成功首飞，中国固体运载火箭运力水平获得大幅提升。如今，中国又将迎来一款百吨级固体运载火箭。
预计在北京时间2025年12月15日12:05，在酒泉卫星发射中心东风商业航天创新试验区，“谷神星二号”（遥一）运载火箭将执行首次飞行，计划将6颗卫星送入近地轨道。
“谷神星二号”（遥一）运载火箭
“谷神星二号”为星河动力航天公司研制的中型固体运载火箭，采用4级串联构型，三个固体级段加液体上面级（末级）。该箭主要用于近地轨道发射任务，支持低轨星座小型卫星组网发射和低轨星座大型卫星补网发射。
“谷神星二号”运载火箭车载示意图
“谷神星二号”高度30米左右，箭体最大直径2.65米左右，可选配直径3.35米和直径2.9米整流罩，起飞质量100吨，高度500千米近地轨道（LEO）运载能力为1.6吨，运载系数1.6%，高度500千米太阳同步轨道（SSO）运载能力1.3吨，运载系数1.3%，整体运载效率达到世界一流水平。
该箭是在“谷神星一号”基础上重点研发的升级型，通过技术创新与系统优化显著降低发射成本，发射单价与200吨级中型液体火箭相当。“谷神星二号”兼顾海陆发射，后续可拓展电磁轨道发射，在电磁弹射状态下高度500千米近地轨道运载能力将达到3.5吨，运载系数3.5%，将成为运载效率和性价比最高的固体运载火箭。
“谷神星二号”将是2025年中国固体运载火箭首个首飞型号。本次任务将是2025年“谷神星”系列运载火箭第7次发射。
作者：木兰星舟
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