Mayon Volcano
Updated: Jan 92026 15:47 GMT - refresh
Stratovolcano
Luzon IslandPhilippines13.26°N / 123.69°E 
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Weather Outlook
Summit height: 2462 m / 8,077 ft
Current status: erupting (4 out of 5)
Last update: 9 Jan 2026 (Smithsonian Daily Volcanic Activity Report)
The majesticperfectly symmetrical Mayon stratovolcano seen from the northwest during its eruption in 2018.
Mayonthe most famous of the active volcanoes of the Philippinesis a perfect stratovolcano rising to 2462 m on Luzon Island. It erupts very frequently.
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Mayon volcano eruptions: 1616176618001811(?)1814182718341839184518461851185318551857185818591860186118621863(?)18681871-7218721873187618761881-8218851886-87188818901891-92189318951896189719001902(?)19281928193919411943194719681978198419931999-20002001200220032003(?)20042006200920132018
Latest nearby earthquakes
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Background
Mayon is the archetype of a symmetrical stratovolcano and one of the world most active ones. It has frequent eruptions producing pyroclastic flowsmud flows and ash falls that repeatedly triggered large-scale evacuations. Mayon's most violent eruptionin 1814killed more than 1200 people and devastated several towns.the volcano rises 2462 m above the Albay Gulf and has very steep upper slopes averaging 35-40 degrees capped by a small summit crater.
Historical records of eruptions date back to 1616 and range from strombolian to basaltic plinianwith cyclical activity beginning with basaltic eruptionsfollowed by longer term andesitic lava flows. Eruptions occur predominately from the central conduit and have also produced lava flows that travel far down the flanks. Pyroclastic flows and mudflows have commonly swept down many of the approximately 40 ravines that radiate from the summit and have often devastated populated lowland areas.
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Source: adapted from GVP / Smithsonian Institution
Mayon Volcano Photos
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Mayon volcanoLegaspiPhilippineson 3 Feb 2012. (Photo: ThomasH)
Mayon volcano mirrored in a flooded rice field (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)
Mayon is one of the most impressive and perfectly symmetrical stratovolcanoes in the world. View is from northwest. (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)
Moonlight illuminating Mayon and the landscape on its lower slopeswith coconut groves. (Photo: Tom Pfeiffer)
Significant volcanic eruptions: Mayon volcano
In the past 10,000 yearsMayon has had at least 65 confirmed volcanic eruptionsout of which 63 are documented by historical recordswhile the others can be inferred from geological evidence.
Additionallythere are 4 uncertain or discredited eruptions from Mayon volcano.
Additionallythere are 4 uncertain or discredited eruptions from Mayon volcano.
The table below lists all known eruptions (date in bold face) of Mayon volcano since around 2000. Updates on the most recent volcanic activity of Mayon can be found on the news page of Mayon volcano.
| Date | Note | VEI | Deaths | Damage | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 0 | ||||
| Summit crater Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
| 2018 Jan 13 (eruption | Historical obs./docs. | 2 | moderate | Info | |
| 2018 Jan 13: Philippine authorities say almost 2,000 people are suffering from acute respiratory infection due to Mt. Mayon volcano's torrent of ashlavaand volcanic rock particles. In a statement on SundayRicardo Jaladhead of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councilsaid that the number of Albay residents hit by disease due to ashfall from Mt. Mayon has almost quadrupledfrom 516 to 1,972. The agency also reported the ashlava and pyroclastic materials spewed by the volcano over the past two weeks have damaged 189.4 million Philippines pesos ($3.72 million) worth of crops in the Albay provinceincluding ricecornand abaca. (reference #12002) PHIVOLCS reported that during 16-17 January Mayon's seismic network recorded 143 lava collapse events associated with rockfalls along the front and margins of advancing lava and pyroclastic flows in the Miisi (S)Matanag (SE)and Buyuan (SE) drainages. These events generated ash plumes that drifted SW. During 17-20 January effusion of lava at the summit and collapse events continued. Two pyroclastic flows traveled around 3 km down the Miisi drainage. Rockfall events were generated by the collapsing lava front and margins of the advancing 3-km-long lava flow in the Miisi drainageand from the summit into the MatanagBuyuanand Bonga (SE) drainages. Ash plumes continued to drift SW. Sulfur dioxide gas emissions were 1,478 tonnes/day on 18 January and 1,131 tonnes/day on 19 January. During 20-21 January there were 14 rockfall events and 10 pyroclastic flows recorded by the seismic network. During 21-22 January there were 64 rockfall events and one pyroclastic flow recorded. Strombolian activity generated lava fountains 500 and 200 m high at 1045 on 21 January and at 0225 on 22 Januaryrespectively. Ash plumes rose 1.3 km high and drifted SWcausing ashfall in Oas and Guinobatan (12 km SW). Lava flowed more voluminouslyadding to the advancing Miisi lava flow (over 3 km long) and feeding two new lava flows on the Bonga and upper Buyuan drainages. At 1243 on 22 January an eight-minute-long phreatomagmatic event generated a dense5-km-high ash plume that drifted W. Ashfall was reported in the municipalities of GuinobatanCamalig (11 km SSW)OasPolangui (20 km WNW)and Iriga City (34 km NW). The event also generated pyroclastic flows that traveled as far as 4 km down multiple drainages including MiisiBongaBuyuanBasudSan AndresBuangAnoling. PHIVOLCS raised the Alert Level to 4 (on a 0-5 scale) and extend the Danger Zone to an 8-km radius. A minor event at 1725 produced a 500-m-high ash plume. Between 2137 on 22 January and 0525 on 23 January there were five episodes of intense and sporadic lava fountainingeach lasting 3-30 minutes. The lava fountains rose 500-700 m highand generated ash plumes that rose 2.5-3 km above the crater. The events fed lava flows on the Miisi and Bonga drainagessprayed near-vent lava spatterand fed incandescent rockfalls around the summit area. The Buyuan lava flow was 200 m long. According to news articles posted on 23 January about 40,000 people have been evacuatedand airports in the cities of Legazpi City (13 km SSE) and Naga (66 km NW)and on the nearby island of Masbate (100 km S) were closed. (reference #2432) USD 3,564,000 in total damage (reference #1250) Cited references
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | |||||
| Summit crater Historical obs./docs. | 0 | ||||
| Summit crater Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
| 2013 May 7 (eruption | Historical obs./docs. | 0 | 5 | Info | |
| 2013 May 7: One of the Philippines' most active volcanoes rumbled to life Tuesdayspewing room-sized rocks toward nearly 30 surprised climberskilling five and injuring others that had to be fetched with rescue helicopters and rope. The climbers and their Filipino guides had spent the night camping in two groups before setting out at daybreak for the crater of Mayon volcano when the sudden explosion of rocksash and plumes of smokes jolted the picturesque mountainguide Kenneth Jesalva told ABS-CBN TV network by cellphone. He said rocks "as big as a living room" came raining downkilling and injuring members of his groupsome of whom were in critical condition. Jesalva said he rushed back to the base camp at 3,000 feet to call for help. Among the dead were three Germans and their Filipino guidesaid Albay provincial Gov. Joey Salceda. He said everyone on the mountain had been accounted for at middayexcept for a foreigner who was presumed dead. Eight people were injuredand Salceda said the others were in the process of being brought down the mountain. Ash clouds have cleared over the volcanowhich was quiet later in the morning. "The injured are all foreigners ... They cannot walk. If you can imaginethe boulders there are as big as cars. Some of them slid and rolled down. We will rappel the rescue teamand we will rappel them up again," he said from Legazpithe provincial capital at the foothill of the mountain. (reference #10528) Cited references
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | |||||
Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 1 | ||||
| 2006 Nov 30 (eruption | Historical obs./docs. | 1 | 1,266 | light | Info |
| 2006 Nov 30: Central vent eruption FatalitiesDamageLava Volume: 3.8 ± 0.3 x 107 m3. (reference #2432)2006 Nov 30. 1266 persons were dead or missing from post-eruptive lahars down the slopes of Mayon produced during a November 30 typhoon. (reference #9675) Cited references
Source: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)Global Significant Earthquake Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | |||||
Historical obs./docs. | 1 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 1 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 0 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 1 | ||||
?? | Uncertain Eruption | ? | |||
Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 1 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 3 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 2 | ||||
Historical obs./docs. | 3 | ||||
Remark:
Our list of volcanic eruptions closely follows the database of eruptions of the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Project (GVP)the internationally most recognized data source for volcanic eruptionsbut also includes significant eruptive episodes or related volcano events. "Volcanic eruptions" are usually to be understood as sequences of individual eruptive episodes that can follow each otheror even overlap (if several vents are involved)and can last many yearsdecades or even longer. For examplethe current activity of Stromboli volcano is understood as a single eruption that has been ongoing since 1934.
Sources: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)Global Significant Volcanic Eruptions Database. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K | Global Volcanism Project / Smithsonian Institution
Mayon Volcano FAQ
<>div.faq.collapsed.opened{max-height:none;padding:10px !important;box-shadow:5px 10px 10px #666}+When was the last eruption of Mayon volcano?
The last confirmed eruption of Mayon occurred in 2024.
+How often does Mayon volcano erupt?
Since 1616 ADMayon volcano has had at least 63 historically documented eruptions. This means that it erupts on average every 6.5 years.
+How active is Mayon volcano at present?
Mayon volcano is relatively active: Since 1900it has had 30 eruptionsand been active during 30 years out of 127 as of now. This meansMayon has been in eruption one in 4.2 years on average. The last eruption was in 2024 and ended 18 months ago.
+When was the largest eruption of Mayon volcano?
The largest eruption of Mayon volcano in historic times occurred in 1897. It ranks as a sub-plinian eruption with a magnitude 4 on the VEI (Volcanic Explosivity Index) scale.
Latest satellite images
Mayon Volcano Maps
Below is a selection of maps showing the location and surroundings of the volcano at various resolutions based on aerial-imagery / terrain maps. Feel free to use them for non-commercial purposes on your blog or website as long as you credit them with a link back to this page (click to copy it).
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (world scale)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (world scale)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (region scale large)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (region scale large)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (region scale medium)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (region scale medium)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (region scale small)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (region scale small)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (local scale large)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (local scale large)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (local scale medium)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (local scale medium)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (local scale small)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (local scale small)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of 10s of km)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of 10s of km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of 20-40 km)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of 20-40 km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of approx. 10-20 km)
Terrain-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of approx. 10-20 km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of 5-10 km)
Satellite/aerial-type map of Mayon volcano (scale of few kilometers)
